- InfoUSA: Musical Genres – Links organized by genre such as blues and jazz, classical and opera, folk and country, and early American music.
- Wild Oats Records – Specializes in American roots music: Country, Americana, Blues, Rockabilly, Folk, Bluegrass, Rock and Alternative Country. Artists include Steve Haggard, Teddy Glenn, Gail and the Tricksters, and Pat DiNizio.
- Blue Mountain – Band that plays original songs, mixing country, blues, bluegrass, folk, and plain ol’ rock. Fan page includes band information, discography, lyrics, tour dates and sound samples.
- Yellow Dog Records – New music from emerging artists deeply rooted in American musical traditions – Blues, Folk, Appalachian, old-time Country, early Jazz. Based in Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
- Mean Mountain Music – Oldie 45s, 8tracks, and CDs with music from the 1940s, 50s and 60s; rock, country, blues, surf, easy listening and doo wop. Also posters and books.
- Scottie’s Music World – A resource of music links to artists in pop, jazz, country, rock, blues, and new age
- Cousins – All original music to include rock, blues, folk, country, and alternative sound.
- CD Wolf Music – Bear Family recordings including old country, pop, rhythm and blues, and bluegrass music. Order by phone, fax, or mail.
- Barretto, Michael – Blues, rock, island music, calypso and country artist from Hawaii, and member of Taj Mahal’s Hula Blues Band.
- Waters, Heather – Country, bluegrass and blues vocalist. Contains biography, audio samples, lyrics, photographs, reviews, and a list of links.
- Granny’s 12 Gauge – Band from Morgantown, WV, blending together punk, country, psychedelic rock and roll, and blues.
- Koerner, Spider John – Calendar, booking information, biography, discography, press quotes, photos and links for the folk/country blues artist.
- Jensen, Caroline – Features her original music and lyrics. All are welcome to visit to listen to her soundfiles. Caroline’s music styles vary from country to spiritual, ballads to rhythm and blues.
Country blues (also folk blues, rural blues, or downhome blues) refers to all the acoustic, guitar-driven forms of the blues. After blues’ birth in the southern United States, it quickly spread throughout the country (and elsewhere), giving birth to a host of regional styles. These include Memphis, Detroit, Chicago, Texas, Piedmont, Louisiana, Western, Atlanta, St. Louis, East Coast, Swamp, New Orleans, Delta and Kansas City blues.
According to Richard Middleton (1990, p.142) folk blues «was constructed as a distinct discursive category in the early decades of this century [20th], mostly as the result of the activities of record companies, marketing ‘old-fashioned’ music to rural Southern ‘folk’ and newly arrived urban dwellers.» Also contributing to the documentation of the genre were John and Alan Lomax, Samuel Charters, Paul Oliver, David Evans, Jeff Todd Titon, and William Ferris (all bourgeois, as pointed out by Middleton).
Country blues were constructed from «a much more heterogeous, fluid musical field» participated in by black and some white people including ragtime, early jazz, religious song, Tin Pan Alley, minstrel, and other theater songs (Oliver 1984 and Russell 1970). Blues was «defined…functionally – it was ‘good time music’ – or experientally – blues was a feeling – rather than by reference to any formal characteristics or stereotypes,» though, «at the same time, many of those characteristics (pentatonic melody, blue tonality, typical chord progression and stanza patterns, call and response) could be found in other forms and contexts too: in hillbilly and Country music, gospel song, ragtime, jazz and Tin Pan Alley hits.»
Titon (1977, p.xvi) points out, however, that «downhome blues songs…do not sound like the folk songs of singers like Leadbelly…yet…early downhome blues is best regarded as folk music…despite the dangers of the implication that if downhome blues is folk music, then downhome black Americans must constitute a folk group.» (Middleton 1990, p.144)
Countering the idea of country blues as folk music is the blues individualism. Abbey Niles wrote that the blues have to do with «the element of pure ‘self’.» W.C. Handy wrote that they are able to «express…personal feeling in a sort of musical soliloquy» (both quoted in Levine 1977, p.222), and Robert Palmer (1981, p.75) states that the singer’s «involvement becomes both the subject and substance of the work.»
«The blues was the most highly personalized, indeed the first almost completely personalized music that Afro-Americans developed. It was the first important form of African-American music in the United States to lack the kind of antiphony that had marked other black musical forms. The call and response form remained, but in blues it was the singer who responded to himself either verbally or on an accompanying instrument. In all these respects blues was the most typically American music Afro-Americans had yet created and represented a major degree of acculturation to the individualized ethos of the larger society.» (Levine 1977, p.221)
Middleton describes the rural blues artist as a wanderer and social outsider whose lyrical themes not surprisingly include loneliness, alienation, and travel. He and Keil (1966, p.76) suggests that blues artists may have served as «licensed» critics containing «unflinching subjectivity…in the context of its time and place…was positively heroic. Only a man who understands his worth and believes in his freedom sings as if nothing else matters» (Palmer 1981, p.75).
Szwed (1969, p.118-9) argues that the «Blues arose as a popular music form in the early 1900s, the period of the first great Negro migration north to the cities…The formal and stylistic elements of the blues seem to symbolise newly emerging social patterns during the crisis period of urbanisation…By replacing the functions served by sacred music, the blues eased a transition from land-based agrarian society to one based on mobile wage-labor urbanism.»
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